Jie Liu (Erasmus University Rotterdam, IHS) has been investigating the damage, recovery and adaptation of railway infrastructure following the 2021 flood events. The research focuses on affected regions in Rhineland-Palatinate and North Rhine–Westphalia.

The study examines damage and recovery mapping of railway routes as well as key events related to emergency response, rapid recovery and reconstruction of rail infrastructure. The analysis aims to better understand how railway systems respond to extreme weather events and how their resilience can be strengthened in the long term.

The research contributes to broader efforts to assess and improve the resilience of critical infrastructure under extreme weather conditions.